While the benefits are clear, query optimization also comes with its own set of challenges:
1. Complex Queries: Complex queries involving multiple joins, subqueries, and aggregations can be difficult to optimize. 2. Dynamic Data: Databases that frequently update or insert new data may require constant re-optimization. 3. Resource Constraints: Limited hardware resources can restrict the extent to which a query can be optimized. 4. Legacy Systems: Older systems may not support modern optimization techniques, making it harder to achieve efficiency.