1. Research: Conduct a thorough search to ensure the invention is novel and not already patented. 2. Application: File a detailed patent application with the relevant patent office, such as the USPTO in the United States. The application must include claims defining the invention and how it works. 3. Examination: The patent office reviews the application to ensure it meets all legal requirements. 4. Grant: If the application is approved, the patent is granted, and the inventor gains exclusive rights to the invention.