Linear programming involves three main components: 1. Objective Function: This is the function that needs to be optimized (maximized or minimized). For instance, a company may want to maximize its profits. 2. Decision Variables: These are the variables that impact the objective function. In a manufacturing context, these could be the number of units of different products to produce. 3. Constraints: These are the limitations or requirements that must be met. Constraints could include resource availability, production capacity, and market demand.