Problem Recognition: The consumer identifies a need or problem that requires a solution. Information Search: The consumer seeks information about potential solutions, products, or services. Evaluation of Alternatives: The consumer compares different options based on criteria such as features, price, quality, and reviews. Purchase Decision: The consumer selects a product or service and makes the purchase. Post-Purchase Behavior: The consumer evaluates their satisfaction with the purchase, which can influence future buying behavior and brand loyalty.